Preparation and Evaluation of Ginger Mouth Gargle

 

Sana Fathima*, M. Venkataswamy, V. Harshitha, G. Laxmi Prasanna, Farheen Sulthana, Ashwini Patlolla

Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Vishnupur, Narsapur,

Medak District– 502313, Telangana, India

 

ABSTRACT:

Gargles are aqueous solutions used to prevent or treat infections. They are usually available in concentrated form with direction for dilution with warm water before use. They are used to relieve soreness in mild throat infection. Simmer 1 table spoon (15ml) grated fresh organic ginger root or powder in a cup of warm water for 10min. Strain the liquid and add a teaspoon (5 ml) of honey or pinch of cayenne pepper. Use this as a gargle every 30 min until your throat feels up to par.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

MOUTH GARGLES:

Gargles are aqueous solutions used to prevent or treat infections. They are usually available in concentrated form with direction for dilution with warm water before use. They are used to relieve soreness in mild throat infection. Simmer 1 table spoon (15ml) grated fresh organic ginger root or powder in a cup of warm water for 10min. Strain the liquid and add a teaspoon (5ml) of honey or pinch of cayenne pepper. Use this as a gargle every 30 min until your throat feels up to par.

 

These polymers used for changed unleash changed unleash systems [1] square measure designed to cut back the frequency of dosing by modifying the speed of drug absorption has been out there from a few years. This sort of unleash dose [2] forms is way higher than the standard unleash dosage forms.

 

 

 

 

Mucoadhesive [3] square measure artificial or natural polymers that may move with the mucous secretion layer that is gift within the body at cavity, and stomachal membrane layers. Antibiotics [4] will be used for preparation of tablets. The particular approach to their use relies on the people affected and stage of the sickness. Researchers [5] square measure developing custom-built pico particles the dimensions of molecules which will deliver medicine on to pathologic cells in your body. Antibiotics [6] also are wont to treat this sickness. Oral modified [7] drug delivery systems will be classified in to 2 broad teams Single Unit dose forms and multiple unit dose forms. The advances [8] and progress created by pharmaceutical business have greatly contributed in terms of treatment of sickness, thereby enhancing the standard of life. Mucilage and Gums square measure deliquescent polysaccharides [9].

 

CONTAINER:

Clear, flutted glass bottles closed with plastic screw cap.

 

LABELLING:

·       For external use only

·       Proper dilution

 

GARGLE WITH GINGER:

Simmer 1 table spoon (15ml) grated fresh organic ginger root or powder in a cup of warm water for 10min. Strain the liquid and add a teaspoon (5ml) of honey or pinch of cayenne pepper. Use this as a gargle every 30 min until your throat feels up to par.

 

METHOD OF PREPARATION:

Formula used to prepare formulations:

S. No	Ingredients	F1- Low conc.	F2- Medium conc.	F-3 High conc.
1	Ginger	10gm	20gm	30gm
2	Cayenne pepper	2.5gm	10mg	15mg
3	Honey	2.5ml	10ml	15ml
4	Distilled water	q.s to 100ml	q.s to 100ml	q.s to 100ml

 

Preparation of McFarland turbidity standards:

Original McFarland standards were made by mixing specified amounts of barium chloride and sulfuric acid together. Mixing the two compounds forms a barium sulfate precipitate, which causes turbidity in the solution. A 0.5 McFarland standard is prepared by mixing 0.05 ml of 1.175% barium chloride dihydrate (BaCl₂•2H₂O), with 9.95 ml of 1% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). [10]

 

Mc Farland std no.	0.5	1	2	3	4
1.0 % BaCl2 (ml)	0.05	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4
1.0 % H2SO4 (ml)	9.95	9.9	9.8	9.7	9.6

 

Formula for Mueller-Hinton agar per liter of purified water:

·         Beef extract: 2.0 g

·         Acid Hydrolysate of Casein: 17.5 g

·         Starch: 1.5 g

·         Agar: 17.0 g

 

 

 

Preparation of Mueller-Hinton agar:

1.     Suspend 38 g of medium (or the components listed above) in 1 liter of purified water.

2.     Mix thoroughly.

3.     Heat with frequent agitation and boil for 1 minute to completely dissolve the components.

4.     Autoclave at 121°C for 15 minutes.

5.     Cool to 45°C

6.     Pour cooled Mueller Hinton Agar into sterile petri dishes on a level, horizontal surface to give uniform depth.

7.     Allow to solidify at room temperature.

8.     Check prepared Mueller Hinton Agar to ensure the final pH is 7.3 ±1 at 25°C.

9.     Prepared media can be stored at 4 to 8°C. Mueller-Hinton agar is stable for approximately 70 days from the date of preparation.

 

Antimicrobial activity:

Three different concentrations 10%, 20%, 30% were made taking sterile distilled water as the diluents. Muller Hinton agar media was prepared and inoculated with a standardized 0.5 McFarland inoculums of each bacterial strain [11]. A 45µl of each mouthwash concentration was propelled directly into wells made in the inoculated Muller Hinton agar plates. The plates were allowed to stand for ten minutes for diffusion of the mouthwash to take place and incubated at 37º C for 24h. The antimicrobial activity, indicated by an inhibition zone surrounding the well containing the mouthwash, was recorded if the zone of inhibition was greater than 8mm. The mean diameter of inhibition zones was calculated.

 

CONCLUSION:

Ginger formulations are considered to be the gold standard antiplaque mouth rinses due to their prolonged broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and plaque inhibitory potential. Mouthwashes F1, F2 and F3 were the most effective mouthwashes against the oral bacterial strains tested. Out of these three formulations F2 was shows optimum effect on the bacterial strains. So F2 is the best formulation out of those three formulations.

 

REFERENCES:

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3.      M.Venkataswamy, Arul B, Keerthi Sagar A, Dinesh Mohan S, Vanitha K, Ramesh Alluri “Preparation and Evaluation of a Mucoadhesive Polymer from the Extract of Seeds of Annona squamosa Linn” Asian J. Res. Pharm. Sci., A and V publications, 2017; Vol. 7: Issue 3.

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6.      Jaggareddy gari Manasa Reddy, K. Prathyusha, M. Venkataswamy, Alluri Ramesh, “Spreading of Swine flu disease: Past and Present” Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology, A and V publications, 10(2): April- June, 2018.

7.      K. Vanitha. M. Venkataswamy, Sanam Niharika, Alluri Ramesh. Formulation Development and Evaluation of Mebeverine extended release Pellets. Asian J. Pharm. Tech. A and V publications, 2018; 8 (2):71-77.

8.      M. Venkataswamy*, M. Santhoshini, J. P. Priyanka, K. Prathyusha, Jaggareddy Gari Manasareddy and Ramesh Alluri “preparation and evaluation of biphasic bilayered buccal tablet containing ketorolac immediate release layer and domperidone maleate sustained release layer” World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Volume 7, Issue 11, 905-949.

9.      M.Venkataswamy¹*, S. Naveen Kumar¹, B. Ramesh¹, G. Anantha Ramulu¹, M. Bharath¹, K. Sridivya Goud¹ “Preparation and Evaluation of Mucilage from Fresh Leaves of Psidium Guajava” Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology, A and V publications, 10(3): July- September, 2018.

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11.   Michael Hombach, Florian P. Maurer, Tamara Pfiffner, Erik C. Bottger, Reinhard Furrer “Standardization of Operator-Dependent Variables Affecting Precision and Accuracy of the Disk Diffusion Method for Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing” Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 2015, 53 (12) 3864-3869.

 

 

 

 

Received on 14.10.2018         Modified on 10.12.2018

Accepted on 31.12.2018       ©A&V Publications All right reserved